Аделанто

Аделанто (англ. Adelanto), город в округе Сан-Бернардино, штат Калифорния. По подсчетам бюро переписи населения в 2000 годунаселение города составляло 18 130 человек. К 2008 году население составляет 28 049 человек.

А. расположен в пустыне Мохаве 34°34′34″ с. ш. 117°25′58″ з. д. (G) (O).

Согласно бюро переписи населения США, общая площадь города 138,7 км², из которых, 138,6 км² являются землей, и 0,1 км² (0,04 %) вода.

Ориентировочная высота: 884 м

Adelanto is a city in San Bernardino County, California about 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Victorville. The population was 31,765 at the 2010 census, up from 18,130 at the 2000 census.

Adelanto was founded in 1915 by E. H. Richardson, the inventor of what became the Hotpoint Electric Iron. He sold his patent and purchased land for $75,000. He had planned to develop one of the first planned communities in Southern California. Richardson subdivided his land into one-acre plots, which he hoped to sell to veterans with respiratory ailments suffered during World War I. He also hoped to build a respiratory hospital. Richardson never fully realized his dream, but his planning laid the foundation for what is currently the City of Adelanto.

Acres of deciduous fruit trees once grew in the city, which became known in the state for its fresh fruit and cider. The orchards thrived until the Great Depression, when they were replaced by poultry ranches. As the wartime emergency developed early in 1941, the Victorville Army Air Field was established with land within the Adelanto sphere of influence. In September 1950, the air field was named George Air Force Base in honor of the lateBrigadier General Harold H. George.

Adelanto continued as a "community services district" until 1970, when the city incorporated, and Adelanto became San Bernardino County's smallest city. The city became a charter city in November 1992.

The 2010 United States Census reported that Adelanto had a population of 31,765. The population density was 567.0 people per square mile (218.9/km²). The racial makeup of Adelanto was 13,909 (43.8%) White, 6,511 (20.5%) African American, 411 (1.3%) Native American, 617 (1.9%) Asian, 194 (0.6%) Pacific Islander, 8,337 (26.2%) from other races, and 1,786 (5.6%) from two or more races.Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18,513 persons (58.3%).

The Census reported that 30,012 people (94.5% of the population) lived in households, 30 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 1,723 (5.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 7,809 households, out of which 4,959 (63.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 4,000 (51.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,857 (23.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 722 (9.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 769 (9.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 58 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 910 households (11.7%) were made up of individuals and 209 (2.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.84. There were 6,579 families (84.2% of all households); the average family size was 4.11.

The population was spread out with 11,807 people (37.2%) under the age of 18, 3,916 people (12.3%) aged 18 to 24, 9,287 people (29.2%) aged 25 to 44, 5,358 people (16.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,397 people (4.4%) who were 65 years of age or lder. The median age was 25.3 years. For every 100 females there were 105.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.6 males.

There were 9,086 housing units at an average density of 162.2 per square mile (62.6/km²), of which 4,513 (57.8%) were owner-occupied, and 3,296 (42.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 6.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.3%. 16,825 people (53.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 13,187 people (41.5%) lived in rental housing units.

Public schools:

The A. School District operates these elementary schools:

• A. Science and Math Academy

• Columbia International Science, Math and Technology Magnet School

• Desert Trails Elementary School

• Donald F. Bradach Elementary

• Eagle Ranch School

• Harold George Visual and Performing Arts Magnet & Middle School

• Mesa Linda Middle School

• Morgan-Kincaid Preparatory School of Integrated Studies

• Theodore Vick School

• Victoria Magathan School

• West Creek School

• Westside Park School

Most of the city's high school students attend schools in neighboring cities, including:

• Silverado High School in Victorville, CA

• Serrano High School in Phelan, CA

Construction is underway for A. High School, the city's first publicly funded high school, which is set to open for the 2012-13 school year. The Victor Valley Union High School District held the school's groundbreaking ceremony on November 30, 2009.

Until 2001, A. had its own police department, which was disbanded due to massive corruption, but now contracts with the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department for police services. The A. Substation is located on US Highway 395 and Bartlett Avenue. The station provides full service law enforcement for the City of A., and unincorporated areas of the Victor Valley such as Phelan, Lucerne Valley, and Spring Valley Lake. The former regional station (next to the Victorville Courthouse) serving unincorporated areas of the Victor Valley was consolidated into the A. Station in 2009. Adelanto's crime rate is very high and the city is known as the ghetto of the Victor Valley.

Until 1999, fire protection was provided by the city's own fire department. The city now contracts with the San Bernardino County Fire Department. There are two stations located within the city limits providing paramedic service as well as fire and rescue services. Ambulance and patient transportation is provided by American Medical Response.